St. James Episcopal Church | The HistoryMakers

Edward Adams

Edward Beverle Adams was born on January 31, 1939, in New York City to Clarence and Ernesta Adams. Adams attended the New York City Public Schools and in 1952 integrated the privileged Horace Mann School. Adams graduated at age sixteen and entered New York University’s College of Engineering from which he received his B.S. degree in industrial engineering in 1959. Adams did graduate work in industrial engineering at Polytechnic University Brooklyn and attended graduate school at the University of Vermont, majoring in business administration. Adams was also an alumnus of the Stanford University Graduate School of Business, from which he received the Stanford Sloan Executive Fellowship.

In 1964, Adams began his career at IBM as an assistant buyer in Burlington, Vermont, and later advanced to buying and procurement engineering manager. In 1967, he was promoted to Product Industrial Engineer Manager. Adams later became Administrative Assistant to the IBM Director of Manufacturing in Armonk, New York, a position he held for only one year before being named Information Record Division Operations Manager in Boulder, Colorado. In this new position, Adams was responsible for manufacturing and product engineering in magnetic media. Adams left this position in 1973, after receiving the Sloan Fellowship.

In 1975, Adams moved to Austin, Texas, to work in the IBM office as Product-System Manager; he held several leadership positions within IBM including Director of Site Operations, Regional Manager of Corporate Community Relations, and Public Affairs for the Western sites. Adams retired from IBM in 2000 to start his own consulting firm.

Adams was affiliated with various boards and organizations, such as the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board’s Higher Education Planning Committee. In 1998, he and his wife, Mary Lou Adams, Ph.D., were honored by the Austin Project for their service to children and families. Adams was awarded an Honorary Doctorate Degree of Humane Letters by Houston-Tillotson College in 1989. In addition to his professional activities, Adams also held the positions of lector and Eucharistic lay minister at the St. James Episcopal Church.

Adams was interviewed by The HistoryMakers on February 7, 2007.

Adams passed away on April 8, 2008 at age 69.

Accession Number

A2007.053

Sex

Male

Archival Photo 1

Interview Date

2/7/2007

Last Name

Adams

Maker Category

BusinessMakers

Middle Name

Beverle

Occupation

Business Consultant

Corporate Executive

Organizations

Austin Area Urban League

Greater Austin Chamber of Commerce

Texas Workforce Investment Council

KidSmart Early Learning Program

Hutson-Tillotson College

Texas Business and Education Coalition

Texans for Education Opportunity

Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity/ Boule

St. James Episcopal Church

Schools

P.S. 184

Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. School,

J.H.S. 43

Horace Mann School

New York University

University of Vermont

Stanford Graduate School of Business

Archival Photo 2

First Name

Edward

Birth City, State, Country

New York

HM ID

ADA09

Favorite Season

Fall, Spring

State

New York

THM DA Link

http://marc.thehistorymakers.org/thmdigital/A2007.053.htm

Web Clip 1

https://thmdaprodmedia.blob.core.windows.net/media/story/video/597693

Favorite Vacation Destination

Northern California

Bio Photo

Speakers Bureau Region State

Texas

Interview Description

A2007_053_EAD.pdf

A2007_053_EAC.pdf

Birth Date

1/31/1939

Birth Place Term

New York

Speakers Bureau Region City

Austin

Country

USA

Favorite Food

Italian Food, Caribbean Food

Death Date

4/8/2008

Short Description

Business consultant and corporate executive Edward Adams (1939 - 2008 ) worked with IBM for over three decades, working his way up from assistant buyer to such high-ranking positions as Director of Site Operations, Regional Manager of Corporate Community Relations, and Public Affairs for the Western sites.

Employment

International Business Machines (IBM)

County Machine Company

U.S. Time Corporation

Favorite Color

Green

Web Clip 2

https://thmdaprodmedia.blob.core.windows.net/media/story/video/597724

Timing Pairs

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DAStories

Tape: 1 Story: 1 - Slating of Edward Adams' interview

Tape: 1 Story: 2 - Edward Adams lists his favorites

Tape: 1 Story: 3 - Edward Adams describes his mother's family background

Tape: 1 Story: 4 - Edward Adams describes how his parents came to the United States

Tape: 1 Story: 5 - Edward Adams describes his father's family background

Tape: 1 Story: 6 - Edward Adams talks about his home life

Tape: 1 Story: 7 - Edward Adams remembers the Harlem neighborhood of New York City

Tape: 1 Story: 8 - Edward Adams describes the sights, sounds and smells of his childhood

Tape: 1 Story: 9 - Edward Adams recalls his childhood friends

Tape: 1 Story: 10 - Edward Adams remembers his elementary school experiences

Tape: 1 Story: 11 - Edward Adams describes the community in New York City's Harlem neighborhood

Tape: 1 Story: 12 - Edward Adams describes his parents' occupations and education

Tape: 1 Story: 13 - Edward Adams recalls his junior high school experiences

Tape: 1 Story: 14 - Edward Adams remembers the Horace Mann School in the Bronx, New York

Tape: 1 Story: 15 - Edward Adams recalls his childhood activities

Tape: 1 Story: 16 - Edward Adams talks about growing up in New York City during World War II

Tape: 1 Story: 17 - Edward Adams describes his experiences of discrimination at the Horace Mann School in the Bronx, New York

Tape: 2 Story: 1 - Edward Adams recalls his teachers at the Horace Mann School in the Bronx, New York

Tape: 2 Story: 2 - Edward Adams recalls the athletics program at the Horace Mann School

Tape: 2 Story: 3 - Edward Adams describes his early aspirations

Tape: 2 Story: 4 - Edward Adams recalls his first year at the New York University College of Engineering

Tape: 2 Story: 5 - Edward Adams describes the nightlife in New York City's Harlem neighborhood

Tape: 2 Story: 6 - Edward Adams remembers visiting the cultural institutions of New York City

Tape: 2 Story: 7 - Edward Adams remembers pledging to the Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity

Tape: 2 Story: 8 - Edward Adams recalls his decision to study industrial engineering

Tape: 2 Story: 9 - Edward Adams recalls his work as a camp counsellor at the YMCA

Tape: 2 Story: 10 - Edward Adams talks about his early work experiences

Tape: 2 Story: 11 - Edward Adams recalls his initial rejection from IBM

Tape: 3 Story: 1 - Edward Adams recalls joining the staff of IBM

Tape: 3 Story: 2 - Edward Adams talks about his wife

Tape: 3 Story: 3 - Edward Adams recalls the mentorship of H. Lawrence McCrorey

Tape: 3 Story: 4 - Edward Adams shares a story about his friend, Wylie Namar

Tape: 3 Story: 5 - Edward Adams recalls his activism in Burlington, Vermont

Tape: 3 Story: 6 - Edward Adams recalls his work to recruit black employees at IBM

Tape: 3 Story: 7 - Edward Adams describes his role at the IBM facility in Burlington, Vermont

Tape: 3 Story: 8 - Edward Adams recalls his position as an executive assistant at IBM

Tape: 3 Story: 9 - Edward Adams recalls his business trips abroad with IBM

Tape: 3 Story: 10 - Edward Adams talks about being drafted into the U.S. Army

Tape: 3 Story: 11 - Edward Adams recalls his mentorship of black students in Boulder, Colorado

Tape: 3 Story: 12 - Edward Adams talks about his children

Tape: 4 Story: 1 - Edward Adams recalls his nomination to the Sloan Master's Program

Tape: 4 Story: 2 - Edward Adams describes the Sloan Master's Program at the Stanford Graduate School of Business

Tape: 4 Story: 3 - Edward Adams recalls his roles at the IBM facility in Austin, Texas

Tape: 4 Story: 4 - Edward Adams describes his civic involvement in Austin, Texas, pt. 1

Tape: 4 Story: 5 - Edward Adams describes his civic involvement in Austin, Texas, pt. 2

Tape: 4 Story: 6 - Edward Adams recalls his position as manager of external programs for IBM

Tape: 4 Story: 7 - Edward Adams describes his role as a corporate community relations manager

Tape: 4 Story: 8 - Edward Adams describes his work for IBM in South Africa

Tape: 4 Story: 9 - Edward Adams recalls his travels

Tape: 4 Story: 10 - Edward Adams recalls his appointment to the Texas Workforce Investment Council

Tape: 5 Story: 1 - Edward Adams describes his education reform activism in Texas

Tape: 5 Story: 2 - Edward Adams describes his involvement with the Boule

Tape: 5 Story: 3 - Edward Adams talks about his family

Tape: 5 Story: 4 - Edward Adams recalls suffering a house fire

Tape: 5 Story: 5 - Edward Adams describes his involvement at St. James' Episcopal Church in Austin, Texas

Tape: 5 Story: 6 - Edward Adams describes the congregation of St. James' Episcopal Church

Tape: 5 Story: 7 - Edward Adams talks about his role as senior warden of St. James' Episcopal Church

Tape: 5 Story: 8 - Edward Adams reflects upon his life

Tape: 5 Story: 9 - Edward Adams shares a message to future generations, pt. 1

Tape: 5 Story: 10 - Edward Adams shares a message to future generations, pt. 2

Tape: 5 Story: 11 - Edward Adams narrates his photographs

DASession

1$1

DATape

1$4

DAStory

17$8

DATitle

Edward Adams describes his experiences of discrimination at the Horace Mann School in the Bronx, New York

Edward Adams describes his work for IBM in South Africa

Transcript

Let's go onto your high school days at Horace Mann [Horace Mann School, Bronx, New York].$$Okay.$$Now, you were considered very bright in your school before going to Horace Mann. When you get there, are there other students now competition becomes--$$Oh yeah (laughter).$$--greater? Tell me about that?$$Well, it--it's again was a situation where I was the only black person in the--in the--in the grade. And all my friends were either very bright or--or very--either very bright or very rich (laughter), okay, mostly rich. But I made some great friends there. In fact, I just came back in October from our--October 2005 from our fiftieth anniversary. And that graduating class, I think, had 101, 102 in--in the class. And I think we had about sixty-five at the reunion. And what I can recall, some interesting things I reflect upon. We--I would study with a fella by the name of Everett Marx [ph.]. And the first time I went to study at his house, which was in Central Park West [New York, New York], the doorman told me to use--I had to use the service entrance--elevator. Well he straightened that out, but that was kind of interesting situation. But I had some--some really good friends and I did not experience any from the students, any racial harm--you know, problems. Interesting story, I played football and I was not the fastest runner in the world. And the coach came over to me one day and said, "Ed [HistoryMaker Edward Adams], what's wrong with you?" I said, "What do you mean coach?" He said, "Well most colored guys I know can run like greased lightning," (laughter). And then I had, I think I--I had some teachers, who in retrospect, who I think, particularly a biology teacher named Mr. Moody [ph.] who I think had a streak in him that was racist. But, I, I, I, I did not do well in--in there. So I was a mediocre--in Horace Mann, I was a--an average student. But it was a, I think, whe- a really great experience for me. I was exposed to how the wealthy lived. I mean, I went to a house of one of my classmates in Yonkers [New York]. It was the first time I'd ever been in a house where the couch was not against the wall (laughter). So at that--at that point, I think my aspirations became really great in terms of what I wanted to do, and what I wanted to accomplish in life. And when I--I was sixteen at the time of graduation and Horace Mann wanted me to stay another year and they would've, you know, given me a scholarship for another year because I was so young. I told them, "No thanks."$We're still in the '90s [1990s] I think.$$Um-hm.$$In 2000, I'm asked to go to South Africa to help them on their community relations programs and to bring some of the programs that IBM [International Business Machines Corporation] had in the United States to see if they were feasible to do in South Africa and to do them. So, I went over to South Africa and consulted with them. That was a really, really great experience, 'cause I got to go to places that tourists don't go.$$So tell me about the experience?$$Well, I'll tell you, I've never seen so much poverty. And see kids that--the big problem is getting them food so they can perform in school. You go into the townships and the streets aren't paved and there are no street signs to tell you where you are. A lot of h- holdovers, even though it became essentially a new country, but in 1994 there's a lot--a lot of work to be done. I got to, to meet a lot of people. I got to meet a, a Anglo guy who was telling me that--that his company is making a lot of money giving training programs to, to corporations because they lose people so fast to AIDS [acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. Every Saturday somebody going to a funeral. So, there- there's some problems. But there's some bright spots too. There--there's a really emerging middle, middle class and upper middle class, a lot of black owned businesses, a lot of blacks doing very, very well. But in--from the business world and the corporate world, you don't see it very much of it. One of the pleasures I got in, in, in traveling to South Africa was to see a, a man who used to work at IBM, could not go home because if he got home he'd be put in jail because he's one of those student protestors back in the days of the struggle. And he has si- since returned to South Africa and I got to visit with him. The--I got to an IBM--African IBMer that I got to, to work with, Alfred Mandeo [ph.]. Really showed me the roots, showed me, you know, what was going on there. And we had some, some real successes. We put in a program where we put computers that were child, that were child--configured for children. A program called KidSmart [KidSmart Early Learning Program] and we put that in several schools in South Africa and got some, some really good results of this as a result of it. But it was--it was--I, I, I traveled over there, even after I retired, they hi- hired me as a consultant and I did that work until 2003. Took my wife [Mary Louise Adams] over on one trip and so she got to enjoy it a lot more than I did, because you know, when you're over there you're working. I subsequently got to meet Bishop Tutu [Desmond Tutu], actually I met him in New York [New York] at a--at a banquet and had dinner with him, and so I sat at the table with him. So, that was--that was a great situation. Dealt with a lot of the government people in South Africa. They, the government tends to be very much black and Indian, a lot of Indians in the--in the senior management positions in government. A lot of--I think they may still be using punch cards in some of those areas, I mean the backward technology, it's amazing. But it was--it was an interesting experience.

Read more about Edward Adams

Myra McDaniel

Myra McDaniel was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Eva and Toronto Atwell on December 13, 1932. McDaniel attended the prestigious Philadelphia High School for Girls and went on to receive her B.A degree in English from the University of Pennsylvania in 1954. McDaniel then worked several administrative jobs at Baldwin Wallace College in Ohio and at Indiana University and received her J.D degree from the University of Texas School of Law at Austin in 1975.

McDaniel was hired by the Attorney General’s Office in Texas and worked her way up to chief of the taxation division in 1979. She then worked as counsel for the Railroad Commission. McDaniel then entered private practice in Midland Texas, but Governor Mark White appointed her as General Counsel to the governor. In 1984, she became the first African American in Texas history to serve as the Secretary of State. In this position, McDaniel was also the highest- ranked African American appointee in the history of Texas government. McDaniel then entered private practice in 1987 with Bickerstaff, Heath, Smiley, Pollan, Kever, and McDaniel, L.L.P., becoming the first African American woman to lead a major law firm as managing partner in 1995.

McDaniel has received numerous awards for her outstanding community service. She is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Bishop Quinn Foundation in the Episcopal Diocese of Texas and past senior warden of Saint James Episcopal Church.

McDaniel is married to Dr. Reuben R. McDaniel, Professor of Management Science and Information Systems, at the University of Texas at Austin. McDaniel passed away on February, 25, 2010.

McDaniel was interviewed by The HistoryMakers on February 6, 2007.

Accession Number

A2007.048

Sex

Female

Interview Date

2/6/2007

Last Name

McDaniel

Maker Category

LawMakers

PoliticalMakers

Middle Name

Atwell

Occupation

Administrative Lawyer

State Government Appointee

Organizations

St. James Episcopal Church

St. Edward’s University

Schools

Philadelphia High School for Girls

University of Pennsylvania

University of Texas at Austin School of Law

First Name

Myra

Birth City, State, Country

Philadelphia

HM ID

MCD02

Favorite Season

Christmas

State

Pennsylvania

THM DA Link

http://marc.thehistorymakers.org/thmdigital/A2007.048.htm

Web Clip 1

https://thmdaprodmedia.blob.core.windows.net/media/story/video/475847

Bio Photo

Speakers Bureau Region State

Texas

Interview Description

A2007_048_EAD.pdf

A2007_048_EAC.pdf

Birth Date

12/13/1932

Birth Place Term

Philadelphia

Speakers Bureau Region City

Austin

Country

USA

Favorite Food

Chocolate (Dark)

Death Date

2/25/2010

Short Description

Administrative lawyer and state government appointee Myra McDaniel (1932 - 2010 ) was appointed the first African American woman in Texas history to serve as the Secretary of State. In this position, McDaniel was the highest-ranked African American appointee in the history of Texas government, later entering private practice as the first African American woman to lead a major law firm as managing partner.

Employment

Baldwin-Wallace College

Indiana University

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Naval Aviation Supply Office

Texas Attorney General's Office

Texas State Governor's Office

Bickerstaff Heath Smiley Pollan Keever and McDaniel

Railroad Commission of Texas

Favorite Color

Black

Web Clip 2

https://thmdaprodmedia.blob.core.windows.net/media/story/video/475856

Timing Pairs

0,0:2701,54:3285,64:6132,121:7665,148:8687,171:9198,180:12556,245:12921,251:13359,259:13651,264:22982,357:23297,363:23738,371:24305,377:24935,384:25376,392:25880,407:27329,436:27707,443:27959,448:32243,608:38685,666:39135,673:41235,708:41535,713:42285,728:45360,785:48960,891:49485,900:54903,909:55750,917:57565,936:61487,971:62177,983:62522,989:63419,1008:64661,1031:68525,1131:70112,1154:74640,1174:75306,1185:76416,1202:77304,1220:77674,1231:77970,1236:78266,1241:78784,1251:79302,1259:79820,1268:80190,1278:82262,1308:83964,1343:84778,1356:91836,1456:93576,1491:98738,1519:100118,1536:100854,1545:101222,1550:109797,1683:110211,1691:120874,1918:121166,1923:122845,1963:125473,2009:128028,2064:130948,2128:131240,2133:132189,2151:139702,2199:142222,2257:144454,2297:144814,2303:145246,2310:145822,2337:146686,2347:148414,2378:148702,2383:149998,2414:150574,2423:165263,2639:165691,2644:166440,2651:169526,2675:169931,2681:170255,2686:171389,2698:171956,2706:174143,2744:174629,2751:175034,2757:177059,2788:177626,2797:178679,2832:180704,2874:181109,2880:183782,2924:191733,3045:192146,3062:192913,3078:206480,3202:226610,3552$0,0:234,4:1322,19:2886,53:8258,162:8734,171:9482,185:9958,193:11318,230:24835,386:37755,700:38605,712:40475,737:46980,763:49990,817:50936,848:51366,854:56440,948:62890,1061:78376,1338:86503,1428:90479,1505:91544,1519:93248,1553:95946,1610:99425,1724:115735,1981:130122,2190:130596,2198:131070,2206:133993,2273:134309,2278:135257,2291:147200,2430

DAStories

Tape: 1 Story: 1 - Slating of Myra McDaniel's interview

Tape: 1 Story: 2 - Myra McDaniel lists her favorites

Tape: 1 Story: 3 - Myra McDaniel describes her mother's family background

Tape: 1 Story: 4 - Myra McDaniel describes her mother

Tape: 1 Story: 5 - Myra McDaniel describes her mother's ancestry

Tape: 1 Story: 6 - Myra McDaniel describes her father's family background

Tape: 1 Story: 7 - Myra McDaniel describes her father

Tape: 1 Story: 8 - Myra McDaniel describes her siblings

Tape: 1 Story: 9 - Myra McDaniel describes the sights, sounds and smells of her childhood

Tape: 1 Story: 10 - Myra McDaniel remembers Jones Tabernacle A.M.E. Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Tape: 1 Story: 11 - Myra McDaniel describes her childhood in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Tape: 2 Story: 1 - Myra McDaniel remembers the impact of World War II

Tape: 2 Story: 2 - Myra McDaniel remembers the Philadelphia High School for Girls in Pennsylvania

Tape: 2 Story: 3 - Myra McDaniel recalls her parents' separation

Tape: 2 Story: 4 - Myra McDaniel remembers her favorite literature

Tape: 2 Story: 5 - Myra McDaniel describes her aspirations in high school

Tape: 2 Story: 6 - Myra McDaniel remembers the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia

Tape: 2 Story: 7 - Myra McDaniel recalls holiday celebrations

Tape: 2 Story: 8 - Myra McDaniel describes her work experiences after college

Tape: 2 Story: 9 - Myra McDaniel remembers meeting her husband, Reuben R. McDaniel

Tape: 2 Story: 10 - Myra McDaniel remembers the Civil Rights Movement

Tape: 2 Story: 11 - Myra McDaniel remembers the deaths of Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. and President John F. Kennedy

Tape: 2 Story: 12 - Myra McDaniel recalls working at Baldwin-Wallace College in Berea, Ohio

Tape: 3 Story: 1 - Myra McDaniel recalls her experiences at Baldwin-Wallace College

Tape: 3 Story: 2 - Myra McDaniel recalls civil rights activism at Baldwin-Wallace College

Tape: 3 Story: 3 - Myra McDaniel describe her husband's 4-F draft status

Tape: 3 Story: 4 - Myra McDaniel recalls moving to Bloomington, Indiana

Tape: 3 Story: 5 - Myra McDaniel remembers the University of Texas Law School in Austin

Tape: 3 Story: 6 - Myra McDaniel recalls the lack of high profile female lawyers

Tape: 3 Story: 7 - Myra McDaniel remembers being hired by the Texas attorney general

Tape: 3 Story: 8 - Myra McDaniel recalls her work for the tax division of the Texas attorney general's office

Tape: 3 Story: 9 - Myra McDaniel describes her cases for the Texas attorney general's office

Tape: 4 Story: 1 - Myra McDaniel describes her work as general counsel to corporations in Texas

Tape: 4 Story: 2 - Myra McDaniel recalls her appointment as secretary of state in Texas

Tape: 4 Story: 3 - Myra McDaniel recalls her work as secretary of state in Texas

Tape: 4 Story: 4 - Myra McDaniel recalls meeting United States presidents

Tape: 4 Story: 5 - Myra McDaniel describes her travels abroad, pt. 1

Tape: 4 Story: 6 - Myra McDaniel describes her travels abroad, pt. 2

Tape: 4 Story: 7 - Myra McDaniel recalls her managing partnership of Bickerstaff, Heath, Smiley, Pollan, Keever and McDaniel

Tape: 4 Story: 8 - Myra McDaniel remembers defending the City of Austin

Tape: 4 Story: 9 - Myra McDaniel describes her non-equity partnership at Bickerstaff, Heath, Smiley, Pollan, Keever and McDaniel

Tape: 5 Story: 1 - Myra McDaniel shares her advice to young lawyers, pt. 1

Tape: 5 Story: 2 - Myra McDaniel shares her advice to young lawyers, pt. 2

Tape: 5 Story: 3 - Myra McDaniel remembers the attacks of September 11, 2001

Tape: 5 Story: 4 - Myra McDaniel talks about Hurricane Katrina

Tape: 5 Story: 5 - Myra McDaniel describes her children

Tape: 5 Story: 6 - Myra McDaniel reflects upon her life

Tape: 5 Story: 7 - Myra McDaniel describes how she would like to be remembered

Tape: 5 Story: 8 - Myra McDaniel describes her role at St. James Episcopal Church in Austin, Texas

Tape: 5 Story: 9 - Myra McDaniel narrates her photographs

DASession

1$1

DATape

3$4

DAStory

2$2

DATitle

Myra McDaniel recalls civil rights activism at Baldwin-Wallace College

Myra McDaniel recalls her appointment as secretary of state in Texas

Transcript

I'd also not lived in any small towns in the Midwest, which was very interesting indeed. In Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] people thought of me being very moderate, perhaps close to being the stodgy side of the world. I found out when I got to a small town in Ohio that I was kind of exotic (laughter). They thought of me as being very liberal indeed. You asked earlier about things dealing with the Civil Rights Movement. One of the things that happened while we were at Baldwin-Wallace [Baldwin-Wallace College; Baldwin Wallace University, Berea, Ohio] was there was a group of white couples who had got together who wanted to try to better understand the Civil Rights Movement and how African Americans felt about what was going on and all those things, and so they invited us to come, they met--I don't know whether they met every other week or once a month or whatever and they would have you come and discuss various things, so that was--it was very interesting, because you would find yourself, for example, defending the Black Panthers [Black Panther Party] who had just done something that at the moment you thought was pretty far out, on the edge, and trying to explain to someone else how people got to the point that they felt that way, because this was after the Black Panthers had left their beginning roots and gone out. The folks in Los Angeles [California] were just, you know, doing the kind of things that some of us who were African American, felt were kind of on the edge, trying to describe to someone else the feelings that they had as we never told them whether we agreed or disagreed with them. What we did was say, you know, "Well, this is how somebody gets to that point." And eventually, of course, we just held up our hands, said, "Gee, we've had all the fun we can stand, we don't wanna come back anymore," and they're like, "Well, you know, that keeps happening to us, you know, we have couples come in, and they'll come for a couple of months or so." And you think, "You just don't know how intense this gets to be for us. I understand that for you it's just a conversation, but for us to have somebody throwing questions at you for an entire evening is not a very relaxing evening as far as we're concerned." And so that was a very interesting part of the Civil Rights Movement that I don't know that many people know about, but part of what happened, even if you were not actively engaged in the movement in terms of marching and being part of SNCC [Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee] and all those good things and down there when Maynard Jackson just raising Cain, wherever you were, you were indeed representing all of the ideas that people were milling about in their minds, and so you were always being questioned by Anglos as to why this was happening, what do you think about that, what's going on there? So you were never really not part of the movement even if you were not actively marching in the streets along with Martin Luther King [Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.], you were still doing your little part out there wherever you happened to be.$$All right. So how long did you stay at the school?$$We were there, I guess, about four years.$$So what year did you get there?$$Sixty-five [1965], 1965. We left in 1969 and went to Bloomington, Indiana, where my husband [HistoryMaker Reuben R. McDaniel] started working on his doctor's degree--$$I asked you about (simultaneous)--$$--(simultaneous) at the university [Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana].$$On his doctor's?$$Um-hm.$And that November, Mark White, who had been attorney general when I left the attorney general's office, was elected governor, and he had someone call to ask if I would be willing to be general counsel to the governor. It is very difficult to tell a governor no. You can say, "Well, you know, I'm--" et cetera, et cetera, but, you know, so in any event, I came back, I did that. That started in January of '83 [1983], and by June--and I told him when I did that that I wasn't gonna stay forever, but so I did that, and by June of '84 [1984] Bickerstaff Heath [Bickerstaff Heath Smiley Pollan Keever and McDaniel; Bickerstaff Heath Delgado Acosta LLP, Austin, Texas], the law firm I'm with now, was looking for someone to come at-trial attorney to come and work with them. I had worked with many of the lawyers who were here, it was a relatively small firm, and we had been in attorney general's office together and knew each other well, so they said, "Why don't you come do this?" I said, "Great," I said goodbye to the governor (laughter), got to make the client who had a telephone company. Long-distance type companies were just starting up then. AT&T [American Telephone and Telegraph Company; AT&T Inc.] had broken apart, so there were all kinds of companies down there, and so he went down and we looked at his switch, and he told them he would teach me all these words, dealing with that business, and the governor called and said, "Well, I think you should be secretary of state," and I had heard a rumor that I was on the list, and I had told his appointment secretary, "Dwayne [ph.], you know, just take me off the list, I know a lot of people who want to do this, I don't have any interest in doing this, I just got a new job started." You know, one of the things the people at the law firm said to me, you know, "If you're going to plan do a political career--" you know, then, like, "No, no, I have no further political ambition, I'd be happy to go back to the practice of law, it seems like a good plan." So the governor then called, and we sat and we chatted, and I told him well you know, "I just started, I got a new client," and all that, and he said, "Well, do I need to talk to your partners?" et cetera, et cetera, et cetera, so and eventually once again, I was persuaded that I needed to drop what I was doing and be of service to the community, the larger community, and so I was secretary of state.

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